7～12岁女性儿童的下颌头影测量的纵向变化研究

目的：研究混合牙列期的下颌生长发育的变化规律。方法：19名女性儿童中，10人从7岁开始，另9人从9岁开始，她们每年被拍摄头颅侧拉片1次，并连续观察4年。7～10岁组和9～12岁组分别作纵向研究。两个组9～10岁的重叠期，将它们的结果结合起来进行混合纵向分析，从而了解整个7～12岁的生长发育规律。采用SPSS8.0软件统计处理数据。结果：观察期内，下颌的水平深度继续增加，以下颌体的水平深度增加最为明显。下颌垂直高度也在继续增加，但增幅仅是水平深度增幅的一半。结论：在混合牙列期，面型基本正常的儿童的下颌水平深度增加要大于垂直高度的增加，这有利于矫正下颌长度不调。     

局部注射VEGF挽救大鼠背部随意型超比例皮瓣成活的最佳注射层次的实验性研究

目的 :探讨局部注射VEGF挽救大鼠背部随意型超比例皮瓣成活的最佳注射层次。方法 :选用 4 0只Wistar大鼠 ,随机分成四组 ,在其背部形成 2cm× 8cm的全厚随意型皮瓣。术后即刻作如下处理 :在其远蒂端 6cm以及 8cm处选择五个对称的注射位点 ,对照组皮瓣掀起后立即原位缝合 ;VEGF1 组皮瓣掀起后经组织面向皮下每一位点给予 2 0ng 10 0 μl的VEGF溶液 1ml;VEGF2 组皮瓣掀起后立即原位缝合 ,经皮垂直进针 ,将药物注入受区表面 ,剂量同VEGF1 组 ;VEGF3组皮瓣掀起后立即原位缝合 ,经皮垂直进针 ,有落空感后 ,继续垂直进针约 1mm ,将药物注入受区下 ,剂量同VEGF1 组。术后观察 5d后 ,将动物处死 ,计算皮瓣成活面积。结果 :术后第 3d皮瓣成活率 :对照组为6 5 .8% ,VEGF1 组为 83.5 6 % ,VEGF2 组为 75 .79% ,VEGF3组为 83.4 5 %。VEGF2 组与对照组间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;VEGF1 组、VEGF3组与对照组间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :本研究结果提示 :皮瓣内、受区表面、受区下注射VEGF都能显著提高皮瓣的成活率 ;而皮瓣内和受区下注射效果要明显好于受区表面注射     

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) expression in normal healthy pulps and in those with irreversible pulpitis

AIM: To evaluate the Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) expression in normal healthy pulps and in those with irreversible pulpitis. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-three normal, healthy pulps were removed from mandibular third molars, and 20 pulps were retrieved from teeth with irreversible pulpitis. TGF-beta 1 was evaluated in the odontoblastic and subodontoblastic layers, in the stromal cells (fibroblasts), and in the blood vessels. TGF-beta 1 expression was determined by evaluating 500 cells in the odontoblastic and subodontoblastic layers and 500 fibroblasts in the stroma for each specimen, and counting the number of positive cells. The number of the positive vessels was evaluated in 10 high power fields (HPF). In almost all cases, the cellular positivity was cytoplasmatic. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U- and Student's t-tests. RESULTS: A higher expression of TGF-beta 1 was found in the odontoblastic-subodontoblastic layer of the irreversible pulpitis specimens; this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.0002). No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in TGF-beta 1 expression in the stromal cells (P = 0.54) or in the vascular component (P = 0.94). CONCLUSIONS: The higher and statistically significant expression of TGF-beta 1 found in the odontoblastic-subodontoblastic layer of irreversible pulpitis specimens may indicate a role for TGF-beta 1 in the dentinal repair processes after pulp inflammation.     

USE OF CERVICAL VERTEBRAL DIMENSIONS FOR ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN GROWTH

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether skeletal maturation using cephalometric radiographs could be used in a Brazilian population.

Material and Methods:

The study population was selected from the files of the Oral Radiological Clinic of the Dental School of Piracicaba, Brazil and consisted of 128 girls and 110 boys (7.0 to 15.9 years old) who had cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs taken on the same day. Cervical vertebral bone age was evaluated using the method described by Mito and colleagues in 2002. Bone age was assessed by the Tanner-Whitehouse (TW3) method and was used as a gold standard to determine the reliability of cervical vertebral bone age. An analysis of variance and Tukey''s post-hoc test were used to compare cervical vertebral bone age, bone age and chronological age at 5% significance level.

Results:

The analysis of the Brazilian female children data showed that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between cervical vertebral bone age and chronological age and between bone age and chronological age. However no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found between cervical vertebral bone age and bone age. Differently, the analysis of the male children data revealed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between cervical vertebral bone age and bone age and between cervical vertebral bone age and chronological age (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

The findings of the present study suggest that the method for objectively evaluating skeletal maturation on cephalometric radiographs by determination of vertebral bone age can be applied to Brazilian females only. The development of a new method to objectively evaluate cervical vertebral bone age in males is needed.     

桔梗、甘草及其组成的复方对口腔病原菌生长影响的体外实验

目的 :探讨桔梗、甘草及其组成的复方中药对常见致龋菌和牙周病原菌生长的影响。方法 :用 φ =65 %的乙醇溶液分别对桔梗、甘草及其组成的复方中药进行初步提取 ,观察 3种粗提物对常见口腔致病菌生长的抑制影响 ,并检测其最小抑菌浓度 (minimalinhibitoryconcentration ,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度 (minimalbactericidalconcentration ,MBC)。结果 :桔梗不影响口腔致病菌的生长 ,甘草仅对致龋菌有抑制作用 ,对S .mutansMT814 8和S .sobrinus 6715的MIC均为 3.91mg/ml;而桔梗和甘草组成的复方明显抑制 4种实验菌株的生长 ,对S .mutansMT814 8和S .sobrinus 6715的MIC为 1.96mg/ml ,对P .gingivalis 381的MIC为 3.91mg/ml,B .forsythus 430 37的MIC为 7.81mg/ml。 结论 :桔梗和甘草组成的复方抑菌和杀菌效果均优于单味药     

Dental arch dimensions in the mixed dentition: a study of Brazilian children from 9 to 12 years of age

Objective

This study evaluated dental arch dimensional changes of Brazilian children.

Material and methods

Dental casts were taken from 66 children (29 males; 37 females) with normal occlusion selected among 1,687 students from public and private schools aged 9, 10, 11 and 12 years, according to the following criteria: Class I canine and molar relationships; well-aligned upper and lower dental arches; mixed dentition; good facial symmetry; no previous orthodontic treatment. Dental arch dimensions were taken by one examiner using the Korkhaus’ compass and a digital pachymeter. ANOVA test was applied to compare the arch dimensions at the different ages and the t-test was used to compare the arch dimensions of male and female subjects. Arch forms were compared by means of chi-square tests.

Results

Only the maxillary anterior segment length showed a statistically significant increase from 10 to 12 years of age. Males had a significantly larger maxillary depth than females at the age range evaluated. The predominant dental arch form found was elliptical.

Conclusion

In the studied age range, anterior maxillary length increased from 10 to 12 years of age, males had larger maxillary depth than females and the predominant arch form was elliptical.     

中山市儿童青少年青春期身高生长突增规律

目的: 分析广东省中山市中小学生青春期身高突增高峰年龄和身高突增高峰速度特征,探究儿童青少年青春期身高生长突增规律;纵向追踪中山市儿童青少年身高的发育情况,了解青春期身高生长突增规律。方法: 基于广东省中山市2005—2016年间全市中小学生体检数据库,筛选其中持续追踪6次以上的个体作为研究样本,使用SITAR模型对样本人群身高数据进行拟合,计算其身高突增高峰年龄和身高突增高峰速度。结果: 共纳入研究对象49 579人,其中男生26 524人,城市学生26 008人,男、女生中位随访年龄分别为7.74和7.72岁,男生身高突增高峰年龄为(12.72±0.89)岁,晚于女生的(10.98±0.95)岁(t=207.639,P<0.001),男生的身高突增高峰速度为(10.12±1.49) cm/年,高于女生的(8.35±1.12) cm/年(t=150.826,P<0.001)。城市、乡村学生中身高突增高峰年龄和身高突增高峰速度的性别差异与全样本保持一致。城市男生的身高突增高峰年龄早于乡村男生,身高突增高峰速度小于乡村男生,城市女生身高突增高峰年龄早于乡村女生,身高突增高峰速度大于乡村女生。结论: 广东省中山市中小学生青春期女生突增高峰年龄早于男生,但突增高峰速度低于男生,城市学生突增高峰年龄较乡村学生早,但是城市男生突增高峰速度低于乡村男生。     

生长贴联合营养干预指导对儿童生长发育及营养状况的影响

目的探讨生长贴联合营养干预指导对儿童生长发育及营养状况的影响。方法选取2015年1月至2017年12月浙江省台州医院儿科就诊的健康儿童80例,随机分为指导组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。两组儿童予以常规育儿指导及营养指导。对照组儿童在此基础上予以个体化营养指导,指导组儿童在对照组基础上予以生长贴治疗,两组均干预6个月。观察两组儿童干预前后生长发育指标及营养状况指标变化,并比较营养性疾病总发生率。结果干预6个月后,指导组儿童身高和体重均较干预前明显上升(P0.05),且指导组儿童上升幅度较对照组更明显(P0.05);指导组儿童血清铁、锌及血红蛋白水平均较干预前明显上升(P0.05),且指导组儿童上升幅度较对照组更明显(P0.05);同时指导组儿童营养性疾病的总发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.110,P0.05)。结论生长贴联合营养干预指导不仅可促进儿童的生长发育,改善其营养状况,而且可降低儿童营养性疾病的总发生率,预防儿童营养性疾病的发生。     

复方玄驹胶囊联合克罗米芬治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕症的疗效分析

目的探讨复方玄驹胶囊+克罗米芬治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕症的临床疗效。方法回顾我院2016年8月至2019年8月收治的96例多囊卵巢综合征并不孕症患者,将采用二甲双胍+克罗米芬治疗48例患者为对照组,将采用复方玄驹胶囊+克罗米芬治疗的48例患者为研究组。每个疗程为1个月,观察6个疗程后两组患者治疗期间妊娠情况和临床疗效。结果研究组妊娠数为38例,总妊娠率为79.17%,治疗总有效率为91.67%,对照组24例妊娠,总妊娠率为50.00%,治疗总有效率为62.50%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论复方玄驹胶囊+克罗米芬治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕症可明显提高患者临床治疗效果,且方法简单、使用方便,具有良好的临床应用价值。     

30例低三碘甲状腺原氨酸综合征临床观察

  目的  观察低三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)综合征对早产儿的影响。  方法  按照纳入标准及排除标准选取2019年1—12月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院新生儿病房住院的早产儿作为研究对象,在生后4~7 d及第4周采集空腹静脉血2 mL,应用电化学发光法测定血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)及三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)水平。依据诊断标准将诊断为低T3的30例早产儿作为观察组,同胎龄甲状腺功能正常的30例早产儿作为对照组,2组患儿性别、胎龄等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(均P > 0.05),均给予相同的基础支持治疗。观察2组早产儿在黄疸持续时间、喂养不耐受、住院天数、恢复出生体重天数、纠正胎龄40周时NBNA评分方面的差异。  结果  2组早产儿生后4~7 d的T3值(t=-19.042, P < 0.001)、FT3值(t=-22.041, P < 0.001)比较差异有统计学意义,生后4周的T3值(t=-1.933, P=0.059)及FT3值(t=-1.622, P=0.110)比较差异无统计学意义。2组早产儿黄疸持续时间(t=2.759, P=0.008)、喂养不耐受(χ2=8.531, P=0.003)、住院天数(t=6.471, P < 0.001)、恢复出生体重天数(t=6.584, P < 0.001)比较差异有统计学意义,2组早产儿纠正胎龄40周NBNA评分比较差异无统计学意义(t=-1.842, P=0.071)。  结论  低T3综合征患儿较正常甲状腺功能患儿的黄疸持续时间、住院天数及恢复出生体重时间延长,喂养不耐受发生率高,但短期神经发育无明显差异。